Valve for fluid-pressure motors



No. 748,928. v PATENTED JAN. 5, 1904.A

A A. CARLSON.

VALVE POR FLUID PRESSURE MOTORS.

APPLIATIYON FILED NOV. 13, 1902.

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PATENT OFFICE.

CHARLES A. CARLSON, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

y VALVE FOR FLUID-PRESSURE`MOTORS.

SPECFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 748,928, dated January 5, 1904;.

Application filed November 13, 1902. Serial No. 131,120. (No mcdel.)

To all whom t may con/cern.:

Be it known that I, CHARLES A. CARLSON, a citizen of the United States, residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illi-V nois, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Valves for Fluid Pressure Motors, of which the following is a specifi.- cation,

The objects of this invention are to construct a valve for duid-pressure motors by which the induction and eduction of the fluidpressure alternately into and out from the working cylinder ofi-the motorvwill be attained in an efcient and reliable-manner, to alternately shift the position of the Valve from the strokes ofthe pistonof the motor, to obviate back pressure on the valve from interfering with the quick movement of the valve, to alternately actuate the relief devices for the back pressure with the strokes of the pistonof the motor, and to improve generally the construction and operation of y the valve as a Whole.

The invention consists in the features of construction and combinations of parts hereinafter described and claimed.

In the drawings, Figure l is a side elevation with the piston-rod of the inotor broken off; Fig. 2, asectional elevation with the pis-v ton and piston rod of the motor irdfull elevationwith the pistonrod broken off and showing also the controlling valve and its rods in full elevation; Fig.` 3, an elevation,

' partly in section, of the valve and the actuating means therefor; and Fig. 4, a sectional view through the cylinder of the motor and the chest of the valve.

The cylinder of the motor consists of a body A with end caps or heads A and A2, and the cylinder as a whole can be made of any suitable material. The body of the cylinder has a chamber a, and the cap or head.

' l stuffing-box h', threaded onto a boss on the head.

The valve-chest Cin the construction shown is rectangular and incloses a chamber o, and leading from opposite sides of the chest C are tubes C and C2, the tube C having a passage c and the tube C? having a passage c2, extending from the chamber to the end of each tube. Each tube C and C2, at its outer end, has a head or block C3, extending through which in line with the passages a' and t2 is a passagec3,furnishingcommunication between the passages of the tubes C' and C2 and the interior of the motorcylinder. The heads or blocks are attached to projections 0.30m the caps or heads A'and A2 by bolts c4or otherwise, andin order to make a tight joint between the passages leading from the valve-chest to the chamber of the motor-cylinder a suitable packing c5 is placed between the end face of the heads or blocks C2 and the adjacent faces of the caps or heads, as shown in Figs. l, 2,

f and 4. The chamber c has located and operating therein the valve D, which controls the induction and eduction of the pressure into and from the motor-cylinder. This valve D in the construction shown is cylindrical and has at each end a flange or attachment d,

forming the faces for seating and closing the double-headed piston, which when driven to` the extremity of its downward stroke, as shown in Fig. 2, by the admission of pressure rinto the assaee c o ens the lower assaoe c3 p a :s

for the admission of pressure into the motorcylinder and simultaneously opensthe upper passage c3 for the eduction of pressure therefrom, it being understood that when one passage c3 is open for induction the opposite passage c3 is open for eduction and that the controlling-valve D is seated to close that one of the passages c and c2 which is in communication with the passage c5 that is open for eduction and is unseated to open communication into that one of the passages which is in communication with the passage c3 that is open for induction.

A rock shaft or rod E is mounted in the walls of the Valve-chest and extends across the chamber of the chest, as shown in Figs. 2, 3, and 4, the rod passing through the side plate or wall ci of the chest and having its inner end entered into a bearing in the side plate c7 of the chest, which plates c6 and c7 are bolted or otherwise attached to the remaining walls or plates of the chest, and, as shown, the rock-shaft or rod E is surrounded at its projecting end by a stuffing-box e3,

threaded onto a boss or flange on the plate or` wall c6, so as to make a tight joint against the escape of pressure around the shaft or rod. The rock shaft or rod E has iiXedly attached thereto within the chamber c an arm e, having a slot e in its end, into which slot is entered a pin e2, projecting from the body of the cylindrical valve D at the center longitudinally of the valve. A lever F is xedly attached to the projecting end of the rock-shaft or rod E, and its outer end is provided with an armfand an arm f', which arms are contacted by a tappet g, fixed on a reciprocating rod G, movably mounted in guides g', extending out from the heads A' and Aa in the construction shown, and one end of the rod is attached to a collar or eye g2 on the piston-rod B, and, as shown, the rod is adjustable in the collar or eye g2 and is held in its adjusted position by a set-screw g3. or otherwise. The adjustment of the rod G is for the purpose of locating the tappet g thereon, so as to properly cause the tappet, with reciprocation of the rod, to alternately engage the armsf and f' of the lever F and vibrate or oscillate the lever to rock the shaft or rod E and cause the arm e to shift the controlling-valve D Within the chamber c of the chest.

A lever H, having a central arm h and side arms h and h2, is pivotally mounted by a pivot-bolt h4 or otherwise to a wall h5 on the plate or side wall c6 of the Valve-chest, and this lever has a central arm h3, which enters a slot or notch f3 in an extended neck f2 of the lever F, so that with the oscillating of the lever F the lever H will be reversely rocked or oscillated on its pivot. The plate or wall c6 has thereon a cylinderI and a cylinder l', each cylinder having a chamber i, closed by a head or cap fi', screw-threaded into the end of the cylinder, and leading from each chamber t' through the plate or wall c6 is a port or passage 722, coinciding with a passage 3 in the walls of the chest, which passages are so arranged as to cut the adjacent passages c and c2 to form a discharge-port 114 for each passage c and c2, leading from the passage into the passage i3 for venting pressure alternately from the passages c and c2,

' the vent-passages being opened and closed able stem J, slidably mounted within the cap i and of a diameter to allow of the escape of pressure around the stem and through the port in the cap, and on each of the stems is a disk orcollar adapted to be brought into contact with the inner end of the port in the cap to close the same and prevent the eduction of pressure from the chamber. The two caps are normally held into contact with their respective ports by means of coil-springs j', one in each of the cylinders, and the stems are adapted to project upwardly above the caps of the cylinders, so that under normal conditions the spring of each stem acting upon the disk of collar closes the port and forces the stem above the top of the cap. As shown in Fig. 3, the stem J of the cylinder I is being forced down by the arm h2, which unseats the disk and opens the valve in the cylinder l to vent pressure therethrough, the valve in the cylinder l remaining seated. As the lever H is rocked it will alternately contact the upwardly-projecting stems in the two cylinders to vent pressure from that cylinderwhose stem is contacted.

Pressure is admitted to the chamber of the chest C by a pipe (not'shown) leading from a suitable source of compressed air or other fluid-pressure, which pipe can be attached to a nipple c by a coupling k' or otherwise, so as to allow the pressure to liow into the chamber of the chest and pass from the chamber alternately to opposite ends of the motorcylinder and act against the piston of said cylinder and cause the piston to reciprocate within the chamber of the motor-cylinder.

The operation is as follows: f With the controlling-valve and its appliances, as in Fig. 2, and the piston bat the limit of its downward stroke the valve D is in position for the pressure to flow from the chamber of the chest through the passage c', passage c3, and passage ct' back of the cylinder to act and move the cylinder in the direction of the opposite end of the chamber. The initial movement of the piston toward the opposite end of the chamber of the cylinder from that shown in Fig. 2 causes the upward movement of the piston-rod B to carry with it the rod G, and with such movement the valve D remains in the position shown in Fig. 2 until the tappet g strikes the arm f, whereby the continued upward movement of the rod G moves the lever F in an upward direction, rocking the shaft or rod E and moving the arm e in the direction to withdraw the controlling-valve D from the position shown in Fig. 2, so that the end face thereof closing the passage c2 will be carried away from its seat, and the opposite end of the valve will be carried to its seat, opening the passage c2 and closing the passage c', thus allowing the pressure to flow through the opened passage c2 and force up the piston d2, thereby opening the passages cs and a? into the end of the cylinderchamber to drive down the piston to its initial position, and with the admission of pres- IOO IOS

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sure through the passage a2 the passage d' is open for the eduction of pressure from in front of the piston as it travels toward the end of the cylinder-chamber, and with the parts as in Fig. 2 the passage a2 is open for the eduction of the pressure back of the piston as it travels toward the opposite end of the cylinder-chamber. The piston d2 of the rod D is withdrawn, so as to open the passages d2 and cs for the pressure to flow through the passage c2 to the atmosphere, and this piston will remain in the position shown in Fig. 2 until the controlling-valve D is shifted by the engagement of the tappet g with the arm f. The shifting of the controlling-valve to open the passage c2, which is closed in Fig. 2, will cause the pressure to enter and act on the piston cl2 and move the same beyond the passage c3 in communication with the passage a2 and move the piston d to pass the passage o5, opening communication between the chamber c and the motor-cylinder chamber at the passage a2 and permitting pressure to discharge from the motorcylinder chamber through the passage a into the passage c' and out to the atmosphere. The ad mission of pressure at the passage a2 moves the piston bfrom the opposite end of the chamber of the motorcylinder to the end of the chamber in which the piston stands in Fig. 2, and such travel of the piston b Will-continue until the tappet g engages with the arm f of a lever F and moves the lever F in the direction of the travel of the piston-rod B and the rod G, rocking the shaft E and through the arm e moving the valve D on the rod D to the position shown y in Fig. 2, closing the passage c2 against the admission of pressure and opening the passage c for the admission of pressure, and With the admission of pressure into the passage c the pressure acts on the piston ol and moves the rod D for the piston d to open the passage a for the induction of pressure and to -opcn the passage d2 for the eduction of pressure, and these movements of the valve D and the rod D' with its pistons d and d2 alternately induct and educt pressure into and from the cylinder of the motor for the pressure to act on opposite sides of the piston b and reciprocate the piston-rod. The movement of theleverF to close the passage c2 and open the passage c causes the end f2 of the lever to engage the pin h3 and rock the lever H on its pivot for-the arm h2 to engage the end of the stem J, forcing the diskj from contact with the end face of the plug z" and opening the chamber fel for pressure to flow from the passage c2 through the port 714, passage 713, and port 7? into the chamberrl and escape therefrom around the stem J. The movement of the lever F in the opposite direction causes the arm or neck f2 of the lever to engage the arm h3 of the lever H and carry down the arm h', engaging the valve-stem J, that coacts with the arm h to open the chamber t' of the cylinder I, venting the pressure from the passage c through the port '124, passage i3,

and port i2 into the chamber of the cylinderI to escape around the stem, relieving the passage c' from back pressure. It will thus be seen that with the movement of the sliding rod D to open the passage c for inducting pressure the pressure back of the piston d2 in the passage c2 is vented through the chamber il of the cylinder I', andwith the movement of the sliding rod D to open the passage c' for inducting pressure into the motorcylinder the pressure rin the passage c is vented through the chamber of the cylinder I', thus relieving the pressure in the passages c' and c2 back of the pistons d and dg, respectively, the respective vent-valves being opened simultaneously with the closing of the respective pressure-supply passages with Which they coast, and vice versa.

The controlling-valve D is actuated from the traverse of the piston in the motor-cylinden-and the valves controlling the eduction of pressure back of the pistons di' and d2 are likewise actuated from the reciprocation of the piston-rod, thus making the operation of all the valves dependent on the movements of the power-piston, so that the operation of both the controlling-valve and the eductionvalves Will be positive and occur at the proper time in relation to the strokes of the powerpiston.

What I regard as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is- Y l. In a' fluid-pressure motor, the combination of a power-cylinder having at each end thereof a passage for inducting and educting pressure, a pistou Within the cylinder having a piston-rod connected therewith, a valvechest receiving duid-pressure thereinto and having on opposite sides a passage leading therefrom and in communication with the passage of the cylinder for inducting and educting pressure, a shiftable valve in the chest, a slidable rod on which the shiftable valve moves, a piston on each end of the slidable rod controlling the communication between the passage from the valve-chest and the pressure inducting and -educting passage of the cylinder, and means for changing the position of the shiftable valve from the movements of the piston-rod to induct and educt pressure alternately at opposite ends of t-he power-cylinder, substantially as described.

2. In a fluid-pressure motor, the combination of a power-cylinder having at each end thereof a passage for inducting and educting pressure, a piston Within the cylinder having a piston-rod connected therewith, a valve- IOO IIO

of the cylinder, a rock-shaft or rod in the valve-chest, an arm on the rock-shaft or rod engaging the shiftable valve, a lever connected with the rock-shaft or rod, and'means for vibrating or oscillating the lever from the movements of the piston-rod to shift the position of the valve and induct and educt pressure alternately at opposite ends of the powercylinder, substantially as described.

3. In a fluid-pressure motor, the combination of a power-cylinder having at each end thereof a passage for inducting and educting pressure, a piston Within the cylinder having a piston-rod connected therewith, a valve-chest receiving fluid-pressure thereinto and having on opposite sides a passage leading therefrom and in communication with the passage of the cylinder for ind ucting and educting pressure, a shiftable valve in the chest, a slidable rod on which the shiftable valve moves, a piston on each end of the slidable rod controlling the communication between the passage from the valve-chest and the pressure inducting and educting passage of the cylinder, a rock-shaft or rod in the valve-chest, an arm on the rock-shaft or rod engaging the shiftable valve, a lever connected with the rock-shaft or rod, a rod connected with the piston-rod of the power-cylinder, and a tappet on the rod engaging with the lever for rocking the shaft or rod in the valve-chest and shifting the position of the valve for inducting and educting pressure alternately at opposite ends of the power-cylinder, substantially as described.

4.. In a fluid-pressure motor in combination, with a power-cylinder and pressure-induction ports leading thereto, a valve controlling the induction of duid-pressure through the ports to the power-cylinder consisting of a slidable member mounted upon a movable rod, two fixed pistons one on each end of the rod, said pistons controlling the induction of pressure through the ports, and means for moving the slidable member upon the rod to admit pressure to act alternately upon the pistons to move the same and alternately open and close the ports to admit pressure to the power-cylinder, substantially as described.

5. In a Huid-pressure motor, in combination with a power-cylinder and inductionports lleading thereto, a chest for 'receivingpressure and having commu nication through the ports with the power-cylinder, a controlling-valve in the chest consisting of a slidable member mounted upon a slidable rod, Xed pistons on the ends of the rod controlling the induction of pressure to the cylinder, and means for moving the slidable member of the valve upon the rod to admit pressure to act alternately upon the Xed pistons to alternately open and close the ports leading to the power-cylinder, substantially as described.

6. In a fluid-pressure motor, the combination of a valve-chestreceivin g pressure thereinto, a slidable valve controlling the induction of pressure from the chest, a slidable rod on which the valve is movable, and two pistons on the rod adapted to be alternately moved by the pressure admitted by the valve to control the induction of pressure from the chest to a power-cylinder and the eduction of pressure from the power-cylinder to the atmosphere, substantially as described.

7. In a fluid-pressure motor, the combination of a chest receiving pressurethereinto and having inducting-passages for a powercylinder leading therefrom, a shiftable rod operating in the chest and the induction-passages, and having pistons thereon actuated alternately by the admitted pressure controlling the induction and eduction of pressure from the power-cylinder, and a valve for each inducting-passage opening for the eduction of pressure on the return stroke of the rod in either direction, substantially as described.

8. In a fluid-pressure motor, the combination of a chest receiving pressure thereinto, a valve controlling the vinduction of pressure from the chest to a power-cylinder, a slidable rod having pistons actuated alternately by the pressure admitted to the valve for controlling the induction passages from the chest, an oscillating lever for moving the controlling-valve, an eduction-valve from each induction-passage of the chest opened to vent pressure on the return stroke of the rod in either direction, a rocking lever for operating the eduction-valve and moved from the oscillating or vibrating movements of the lever of the controlling-valve, and means for actuating the oscillating or vibrating-lever with the strokes of the piston in the powercylinder, substantially as described.

9. In a fluid-pressure motor, the combination of a chest receiving pressure thereinto, a valve controlling the outflow of pressure from the chest on opposite sides thereof, a valve controlling the eduction of pressure when the valve controlling the outflow is closed on one side, an oscillating or vibrating lever for moving the controlling-valve for the outflow and the valves for the eduction, and means for oscillating or vibrating the lever with the strokes of the power-piston, substantially as described.

l0. In a iuid-pressure motor, the combination of a chest receiving pressure thereinto, a valve controlling the outflow of pressure from the chest on opposite sides thereof, a slidable rod having a piston at each end thereof, an eduction-passage between the piston on the rod and the seat of the controllingvalve, and a valve controlling the eductionpassage, substantially as described.

CHARLES A. CARLSON.

Witnesses:

THOMAS A. BANNING, OSCAR W. BOND.

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